EACH ilya (every, all of a particular group of things), máca (a very early "Qenya" word of doubtful authority) -VT39:20, GL:41

EAGER TO GO mína- (desiring to start) -VT39:11

EAGLE soron, sornë (Þ) (pl. sorni) (So in Etym; Letters:427 has sorno, thorno, LT1:266 also has sor. Soron/sorno obsoletes ea, earen in LT1:251 and LT2:338 - besides, ëa means "is, exists" in Tolkien's later Quenya.) KING OF EAGLES Sorontur, "EAGLE-HORN" (a great height in Númenor) Sorontil -THOR, Letters:427, UT:465

EARTH cemen, kemen (soil). (Note: at the time Tolkien wrote Etym, he thought of cemen as the genitive of cén, but later cemen evidently became the nominative form, as it had been in earlier writings [LT1:257]. In Silm:433, it is said that cemen [kemen] refers to "the Earth as a flat floor beneath menel, the heavens". LT1:257 also has cemi "earth, soil, land" and Kémi "Mother Earth".) EARTH-QUEEN Kementári (Yavanna's title); EARTHEN, OF EARTH cemina. (LT2:343 gives indi "earthdwellers", another word for "men", but this is hardly a valid word in LotR-style Quenya.) EARTH (= world) Ambar (world) (Tolkien equated Ambar with Oikoumene, a Greek word denoting "world" considered as "the inhabited world of Men". But ambar also seems to mean "doom", q.v. MR:337 (cf. WJ:419) has Imbar instead of Ambar; the literal meaning of both words is said to be "habitation") -KEM/Silm:433/LT1:257, MBAR cf. Letters:283 or SD:409

EAST rómen (allative Rómenna and ablative Rómello in Namárië is capitalized), róna; EASTERN rómenya (Entar, Entardar "Outer Lands, Middle-earth" is also glossed as "East" once, as opposed to the Blessed Realm of the West.) The words órë "dawn, Sunrise, East" and its corresponding adjective órëa (LT1:264) are probably not valid words in LotR-style Quenya; see DAWN. Neither can Ostar "East" be a valid word; see GATE. EAST-VICTOR Rómendacil (one of the Kings of Gondor) EAST-LANDS Orrostar (a region in Númenor) -RÔ/LotR:1157, UT:463, Nam, EN, LotR:1075, 1081, UT:165, 459

EAT mat-, mata- (pa.t. mantë is given) -MAT, VT39:7

ECHO láma (ringing sound - so in Etym, but see SOUND), nalláma (In Etym, the second a of the latter word has an undefined diacritic here represented by ´.) ECHOING lámina -LAM

EDDY hwinya- (swirl, gyrate); hwindë (whirlpool) -SWIN

EDGE réna, ríma -REG, RÎ

EGLATH (or EGLAIN, EGLADHRIM) Heceldi (the "Forsaken" Elves, especially the Eldar left in Beleriand; sg Hecel is given. MR:170 has Ecelli.) -WJ:365 cf. Silm:68

ELBOW ólemë -LT1:258

ELEPHANT andamunda -MBUD

ELEVEN minquë -MINIK-W-, LT1:260

ELF quendë (generic, seldom used in the sg; pl Quendi is the usual form; there are gender-specific forms quendu m. and quendi f., but they seem to be rare; pl. quendur, quendir is attested), Elda (originally generic, but later [MET] used of Elves of the Three Kindreds [Noldor, Vanyar, Teleri] only. That was at least the proper usage: Elda was the normal word for "elf" in Valinor, as all Elves there were Eldar. An archaic variant of Elda was Eldo.) ELVES OF AMAN Amanyar (sg #Amanya), ELVES WHO REFUSED TO JOIN IN THE WESTWARD MARCH (from Cuiviénen) Avari (sg Avar in WJ:371; Avar or Avaro in Etym), also called Avamanyar "those who did not go to Aman, because they would not" (distinguish Úmanyar, Úamanyar, Alamanyar "those who did not in the event reach Aman", though they did join in the march from Cuiviénen; these are also called Heceldi or Ecelli, see EGLATH). See also DARK ELVES, GREEN-ELVES, GREY-ELVES, HIGH-ELVES, LIGHT-ELVES, SEA-ELVES, LITTLE ELF. Cf. also ELVENHOME Eldamar, Elendë. ELF-PEOPLE Eldalië, ELVISH Eldarinwa (adj only; "Elvish" meaning Elvish language is simply Eldarin. Properly, these words for "Elvish" apply to the Tree Kindreds only, not to all the Quendi.) Quenderin ("Elvish" referring to all the Quendi, "Quendian"; this remained a learned word) -WJ:361/KWEN(ED), MR:229 ELED, Silm:424, AB/WJ:371/Silm:65/MR:163, WJ:363, Silm:23/392, MR:415, WJ:407

ELF-FRIEND Elendil (actually meaning *"star-friend". Tolkien notes: "It is not surprising that the Edain...found it difficult to discern whether words and names containing the element el referred to the stars or to the Elves. This is seen in the name Elendil, which was meant to bear the sense "Elf-friend". Properly in Quenya it meant 'a lover or student of the stars'... 'Elf-friend' would have been more correctly represented by Quen(den)dil or Eldandil.") -WJ:410

ELF-LOVER #Eldameldo (pl Eldameldor in WJ:417)

ELF-STONE Elessar (Aragorn's royal name, prob. *Elessard-, cf. STONE. The literal meaning is *Star-stone, not Elf-stone - but the Edain confused elen "star" and elda "elf". Cf. Elendil; see ELF-FRIEND above.) -LotR:395, 897

ELM-TREE alalmë, lalmë; LAND OF ELMS Alalminórë (Warwickshire) -ÁLAM/LT1:249, LÁLAM

ELONGATED taina (stretched, elongated, extended) -VT39:7

EMBER yúla (smouldering wood) -YUL

EMINENT MAN aráto (champion) -Silm:428

EMIT LIGHT faina- -PHAY

EMOTION felmë (impulse) -VT41:19

EMPTY lusta (void), cumna -LUS, KUM

ENCHANT luhta-; ENCHANTMENT lúcë -LUK

ENCLOSURE panda; CIRCULAR ENCLOSURE corin -PAD, KOR

END (noun) metta, mentë, tyel, tyeldë, telu; THE ENDING OF THE WORLD Ambar-metta; END (vb) tele- (intransitive) (finish - so in WJ:411 - LT1:267 gives telu-), tyel- (cease), PUT AN END TO metya-, HAVE SOME END IN VIEW mína- (desire to go in some direction, wish to go to a place, make for it) -LotR:1003, MET, LT1:267, WJ:411, KYEL, VT39:11

ENDLESS PERIOD oio -UT:317

ENDURANCE voronwië (lasting quality); ENDURING voronwa (long-lasting) -BORÓN

ENEMY cotumo -KOT

ENGLAND - see FAËRY.

ENOUGH farëa (sufficient) -PHAR

ENQUIRY centa (as in Essecenta Eldarinwa, probably meaning *"Enquiry into Eldarin Names", as Tolkien described the work as an "Enquiry into the origins of Elvish names for Elves"; cf. also Osanwe-centa, translated "enquiry into the communication of thought". Another possible translation of centa may be *"essay".) -MR:415, VT39:23

ENTRANCE (to harbour) londë (road [in sea], also translated "haven", q.v.)

ENVELOPE (noun) vaiya, vaia (both with alternative, possibly older [MET] forms in w-). -WAY

EXPIRE fírë- (perf. fírië ["has breathed forth"] is attested; *ifírië may be the more usual form) -MR:250

ERRANT ránen -RAN

ESCAPE (vb) usin (glossed "he escapes" in LT:251, but in LotR-style Quenya it would have to mean, if anything, *"I escape" - 1st pers. aorist); ESCAPE (noun) uswë (issue) -LT1:251

*ESSAY see *ENQUIRY.

ESTABLISH tulca- (fix, set up. Note: there is a homophone meaning "firm, steadfast, strong, immoveable".) -LT1:270 cf. TULUK

ETERNAL oira -OY

EVENING andúnë (sunset, west), sinyë -MC:222, THIN

EVER oi, voro, vor (continually) (pref. #oio-, vor-, voro-), EVERWHITE, EVER-SNOW-WHITE Oiolossë (a name for Taniquetil; gen Oiolossëo is attested in Nam, where it has an ablatival meaning); EVERSUMMER Oiolairë, EVERLASTING oia, vorima; EVERLASTING [?AGE] (Tolkien's handwriting was illegible) oirë, oialë; FOR EVER, EVERLASTINGLY oialë (evidently the noun just mentioned used as an adverb), tennoio -OY, UT:458, BOR, LT1:250/273, Nam/RGEO:67, Silm:429, UT:317

EVERY ilya (each, all of a particular group of things), máca (a very early "Qenya" word of doubtful authority) -VT39:20, GL:41

EVERYBODY ilquen; EVERYTHING ilu (all, the whole; of the universe also including God and all souls and spirits, which are not properly included in the term Eä), ilqua -WJ:372, VT39:20, IL

EVIL úmëa, #ulca (isolated from henulca, see below); EVILEYED henulca; EVIL-SMELLING saura (Þ) (foul, putrid) - in compounds #sauri-, see FOUL. FREE FROM EVIL aman (see BLESSED). -SD:68, 72, UGU, THUS, WJ:399

EXALTED ONES Aratar (pl; sg #Arata). The Aratar are the mightiest of the Valar: Manwë, Varda, Ulmo, Yavanna, Aulë, Mandos, Nienna, and Oromë. Aratar is also rendered "High Ones, The Supreme" -Silm 32/381, WJ:402

EXCEPT hequa (leaving aside, not counting, excluding) -WJ:364, 365

EXCLUDE hehta- (pa.t. hehtanë is given but seems perfectly regular) (put aside, leave out, abandon, forsake); EXCLUDING hequa (leaving aside, not counting, except) -WJ:364, 365

EXIST ëa (is) -VT39:6, 7

EXPAND palu-, palya- (spread, extend, open wide); EXPANSIVE palla (wide) -PAL

EXPIRE fírë- (originally used of "one sighing or releasing a deep breath", but also used of Míriel when she "breathed forth" and died; later used of the death of mortals. Perf. fírië is attested; *ifírië with prefix sundóma is probably also a possible form.) -MR:250

EXTEND palu-, palya- (spread, expand, open wide); EXTENDED taina (lengthened, stretched, elongated); EXTENSION tailë (lengthening) -PAL, TAY

EYE hen (hend-) (normal pl. hendi as well as the dual form #hendu are attested [isolated from hendumaica, WJ:337]; #hendu would be used of a natural pair of eyes). SHARP-EYE hendumaica, EYES OF HEARTSEASE (a name of the pansy) Helinyetillë -KHEN-D-E, WJ:337, LT1:262

EYRIE sornion (Þ) (lit. gen.pl "of eagles"?). -LT1:266. (LT1:251 gives ëaren, but this is hardly a valid word in LotR-style Quenya [see EAGLE])

FACE anta -ANA

FADE sinta- (Þ) (pa.t. sintanë is given, though it seems perfectly regular), fir- (die), fifíru- ("slowly fade away", frequentative form of fir-; the participal form fifírula is attested); FADING quellë (In the Calendar of Imladris, quellë was a precisely defined period of 54 days in late autumn. Also called lasselanta; see AUTUMN.) -THIN, MC:222/223, LotR:1141

FAËRY Inwilis, Inwinórë (another gloss, "England", was struck out) -LT1:256

FAINT néca (vague, dim to see) -MC:222/223

FAIR vanima (beautiful, proper, right), vanë, melima, linda (beautiful); FAIR FOLK Vanimo (pl. Vanimor is given but seems perfectly regular; the word is said to apply to the "children of the Valar"). FAIR-MINDED faila (generous, just), NOT FAIR úvanima (ugly) -BAN/VT39:14, LT1:272, MEL, SLIN, PM:352, VT39:14

FAITHFUL voronda, vórima (steadfast) -UT:317, LT1:250

FALL (vb) lanta- (pres. pl. lantar, pl. past lantaner and part. #lantala are attested); FALL (noun) lanta or #lantë. (The first of these words occurs in the compound lasselanta "leaf-fall, Autumn", while #lantë is isolated from Noldolantë "the Fall of the Noldor". From these examples it appears that a lanta is a physical fall, while a lantë is a moral fall. Perhaps the latter word can also be applied to a military defeat, as in "the fall of Gondolin".) THE FALLEN (= Númenor) Atalantë -DAT/DANT/MC:222, Nam, SD:246, LT1:254, Silm:102/414, TALÁT

FALLOW marya (fawn, pale), malwa (pale) -MAD, SMAL

FAMILIAR moina (dear) -MOY

FAMILY nossë (clan, "house"), nórë, -nor (land, country, dwelling-place, nation, native land) -NÔ, LT1:272

FANE yána (holy place, sanctuary) -YAN

FANG carca (tooth, tusk) -Silm:429, LT2:344

FAR haira, eccaira, avahaira; FAR AWAY (adj) vahaia, FAR AWAY, FAR OFF (adv.) háya; FAR AND WIDE palan; FAR-SEER palantir, "FAR-WANDERER" (the name of a ship) Palarran -KHAYA, SD:247, Silm:435, TIR, UT:460

FAREWELL namárië -Nam

FARMER nandor (perhaps obsolete in LotR-style Quenya, clashing with the name of the Nandor, a tribe of Elves) -LT1:261

FASTEN tacë (3rd pers. sg. aorist), pa.t. tancë. -TAK

FAT tiuca (thick); GROW FAT tiuya- (swell) -TIW

FATE umbar (umbart-) (doom; the form amarto in LT2:348 is no doubt obsolete, but ambar from the same source may be a valid word also in LotR-style Quenya - see DOOM), marto (fortune, lot); manar, mandë (doom, final end, fortune [usually = final bliss]); FATED marta -MBARAT/LotR:1157, MANAD

FATHER atar (pl. atári in Silm, though Etym has atari). FATHER OF ALL Ilúvatar (God) -Silm:428, 229/ATA/LT1:255, Silm:404/UT:446

FATHOM rangwë -RAK

FAWN marya (fallow, pale) -MAD

FAY OF THE COUNTRY nandin (dryad), FAY OF THE MEADS Nermi (pl. Nermir is attested) (field-spirit) -LT1:261, 262

FËANOR Fëanáro (Spirit of Fire) -Silm:397/435, MR:217

FEAR (noun) caurë; FEAR (vb) - rucin is glossed "I feel fear or horror", constructed with "from" of the object feared (e.g. *rucin Orcollon "I fear Orcs") -LT1:257, WJ:415

FEAST meren (merend-), merendë (festival); FESTIVE merya -MBER

FEATHER quessë -KWES, LotR:1157

FEBRUARY Nénimë (Amillion in LT1:249 is hardly a valid word in LotR-style Quenya.) -LotR:1144

FEEL FEAR OR HORROR rucin (1st pers. aorist), constructed with "from" of the object feared. -WJ:415

FELL (adj) aica (sharp, terrible, dire). -PM:347

FELL (noun) helma (skin) -SKEL

FEMALE (noun) ní, FEMALE (adj.) inya, inimeitë (pl. probably *inimeisi; cf. HANDED, LEAPING, WINDY) -INI

FENCED FIELD peler, FENCING OR DEFENSIVE HEIGHTS Pelóri -PEL(ES), WJ:403

FESTIVAL asar (Vanyarin athar) (fixed time), meren (merend-), merendë (feast); FESTIVE merya -WJ:399, MBER

FETCH tulta- (send for, summon) -TUL

FEY marta (fated) -MBARAT

FIELD-SPIRIT Nermi (pl. Nermir is attested) (fay of the meads) -LT1:262

FIERY uruitë, úruva (The stem from which these words are derived was struck out in Etym. However, several words that must be derived from this stem occur in LotR, indicating that Tolkien restored it. LT1:248 also gives sára "fiery", but this word is probably obsoleted by sára "bitter" in Etym.) -UR

FIGHT mahta- (wield a weapon) -MAK

FILL quat- (fut #quantuva is attested in enquantuva, "will refill") -WJ:392, Nam; cf. KWAT

FINAL tyelima, métima (ultimate, last); FINAL END mande, manar (fortune, bliss, fate), telda (last) -MC:222 cf. 215, MANAD, WJ:411

FINARFIN Arafinwë -MR:230

FIND #hir- (only fut hiruva is attested), #tuv- (only perf #utúvië is attested [with pronominal endings: utúvienyes "I have found it"]). It is difficult to say what distintion in meaning there may be between these words (if any at all); the verb #tuv- is evidently the same as tuvu- in GL:71, there glossed "receive". -Nam/RGEO:67, LotR:1008

FINE tereva (acute, piercing) -TER

FINE RAIN rossë (dew, spray) -ROS cf. Letters:282

FINGER lepsë; FINGERED #lepta (isolated from raccalepta "clawfingered") -LEP, SD:68, 72

FINGOLFIN Nolofinwë -PM:344 (In the source,, Nolofinwë is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the spelling of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.)

FINGON Findecáno -PM:345

FINISH (vb) tele- (intransitive) (end) (so in WJ:411 - LT1:267 gives telu-) telya- (transitive) (wind up, conclude). Cf. also telma "conclusion, anything used to finish off a work or affair", "often applied to the last item in a structure, such as a coping-stone, or a topmost pinnacle." FINISH (noun) telu -WJ:411, LT1:267

FINROD Findaráto -Silm:428/PM:346

FIRE úr (the stem from which this word is derived was struck out in Etym. However, several words that must be derived from this stem occur in LotR, indicating that Tolkien restored it. But a more usual word for "fire" is apparently nár, nárë, which appear [with the masculine ending -o] in the following names:) SPIRIT OF FIRE Fëanáro (Fëanor), FELL FIRE Aicanáro (Sharp Flame, Aegnor) (so in Silm:435; MR:323 has Aicanár). LT1:265 has sá "fire", poetic form sai, also sairin "fiery"; cf. also Sáya "the fire-fay" in GL:66. LT:271 has the following "fire"-words: FIRE uru, FIERY uruvoitë, ON FIRE urwa, LIKE FIRE urúva. Cf. also FIREWOOD turu (but the word was also used of wood in general). BOWL OF FIRE tanyasalpë (evindently #tanya "fire" + #salpë "bowl") -UR, Silm:397, MR:217, LT1:265, 270, 271, 292

FIRM tulca (strong, immovable, steadfast; Note: there is a homophone verb meaning "fix, set up, establish"), tulunca (steady), sanda (true, abiding), tanca (fixed, sure) -TULUK, LT1:270, STAN, TAK

FIRST minya (cf. Minyar "Firsts", the first clan among the Elves), inga, *yesta; FIRSTBORN (= the Elves) Minnónar. (*Yesta is corrected from the actual reading esta; see BEGINNING. For FIRSTBORN, Etym has Estanessi, which would similarly become *Yestanessi, but this word is propably obsoleted by the later [TLT] form Minnónar. Writers should use the latter word.) FIRST-BEGOTTEN Minyon (a personal name. The element yon, translated "begotten", may be a reduced form of yondo "son". Alternatively, and perhaps more likely, Minyon may be the adjective minya "first" turned into a masculine name by adding the masculine ending -on. In that case, the literal meaning is simply *"First One". But it is possible that on is actually derived from the stem ONO "beget", and that "First-begotten" really is the literal meaning.) -MIN/Silm:434/WJ:420, ING, ESE, WJ:403

FIST quárë (often used to mean "hand"). (In compounds -quar: Telperinquar = Sindarin Celebrimbor, "Silver-Fist, Hand of Silver". The first version of the stem KWAR yielded quár pl. quari.) -KWAR, Silm:429/387

FIT mára (useful, good) -MAG

FIVE lempë -LEP/GL:53

FIX panya- (set), tulca- (establish, set up. Note: there is a homophone adjective meaning "firm, steadfast, strong, immoveable"); FIXED tanca (sure, firm); BE FIXED mar- (abide, be settled). FIXED TIME asar (-th-, Vanyarin athar) (festival), FIXED IDEA see IDEA -PAN, LT1:270 cf. TULUK, TAK, UT:317, WJ:399

FLAG ambal (shaped stone) -MBAL

FLAT lára -DAL

FLEECE uë -LT1:249

FLESH hrávë, sarco; FLESHY sarqua -MR:349, LT2:347

FLINTHEARTED sincahonda -LotR:1015 cf. SD:68, 72

?FLINTSTONE #sinca (isolated from sincahonda "flinthearted") -LotR:1015 cf. SD:68, 72

FLOAT lutu- (LT1:273 has wili- "sail, float, fly", but see FLY.) -LT1:249

FLOOD (tide), celumë (stream, flow, flowing), ulundë, lúto; FLOODING (adj) úlëa (flowing, pouring) -ULU, KEL/MC:223, LT1:249

FLOOR talan (#talam-, as in pl. talami) (ground); PAVED FLOOR paca (court) -TAL, GL:63

FLOUR porë (meal) -POR

FLOURISH (noun) rincë (quick shake) -RIK

FLOW (vb) sir-, lutta-, lutu-; FLOW, FLOWING (noun) celumë (stream, flood); FLOWING (adj) úlëa (flooding, pouring), sírima (liquid). -SIR, LT1:249, KEL/MC:223, LT1:265

FLOWER (large and single) lótë (often -lot in compounds). (The word lótë is usually applied to a large, single flower. From *ambalotsë "uprising-flower" [q.v.] #lotsë can be isolated; this may be the more general word for "flower".) FLOWER OF THE WEST (a floral design) Númellóte. Cf. also indil, "lily, or other large single flower". PUT FORTH LEAVES OR FLOWERS *lohta- (corrected from the actual reading lokta because Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya) (sprout) -LOT(H), LT1:259, WJ:318, UT:227, 458, WJ:399, LT:258

FLUTE simpa, simpina (pipe); FLUTER timpinen -LT1:266, 268

FLUTTERING TO AND FRO wilwa -MC:223

FLY wilin ("I fly", 1st pers. aorist), pa.t. willë (cf. wili- "sail, float, fly" in LT1:273). FLY OR STREAM IN THE WIND hlapu- (part. hlápula is attested), FLYING rimpa (rushing); SEND FLYING horta- -WIL, MC:223, RIP, KHOR

FOAM (vb) falasta- (part. falastala is attested); FOAM (noun) fallë, winga (spray), wingë (wingi-) (crest [of wave], spindrift). -MC:222/223, PHAL, WIG, LT1:273

FOG hísë (mist. Note: a homophone means "dusk"), hiswë, hui (murk, dark, night) -KHIS, LT1:253

FOIL (plant) asëa -LotR:899

FOLIAGE olassië (collection of leaves) -Letters:282

FOLK hos -LT2:340

FOLLOW hilya- FOLLOWER neuro; FOLLOWERS (an Elvish name of Men) Hildor, Hildi (unattested sg #Hildo; dative pl hildin is attested; cf also Hildinyar "my heirs" in Aragorn's oath) -KHIL/Silm:116/122/403, FS/WJ:387, LotR:1003, 1004

FOOD (cooked) apsa -AP

FOOT tál (tal-) (These forms probably obsolete tala pl talwi in LT2:347.) FOOTPRINT runya (slot) -TAL, RUN

FOR an (Nam: an sí...Varda...máryat...ortanë, "for now...Varda...has uplifted her hands". Note: an is also glossed "to, till".) English "for" meaning "for the benefit of" will often be rendered by the dative ending -n (pl -in); e.g. nin "for me". -Nam

FORBID váquet- (refuse, say no) (1st pers. sg aorist and past váquetin, váquenten are given) avaquet- (refuse) (pa.t. is no doubt *avaquentë; cf. quet- under SAY) -WJ:370, KWET

#FORD tarna (This gloss is isolated from Taruktarna "Oxford", q.v. Tolkien glossed tarna as "crossing, passage") -LT1:347

?FOREIGN (Tolkien's handwriting was illegible) ettelen -ET

FORESIGHT *apacen (lit. *"after-sight", a vision of something that will come after the present. In MR:216, apacenyë is translated "foresight"; yet the context and the form of the word itself clearly indicates that it is actually the pl. form of an adjective #apacenya "of foresight". The noun "foresight" is almost certainly *apacen; cf. tercen "insight".) -MR:216

FOREST taurë ([great] wood) (pl. tauri is attested), tauno, málos (the two latter may not be valid words in Tolkien's later Quenya) -TAWAR/Silm:438/MC:222 cf 215/VT39:7, LT2:342, LT1:267

FORGE - LT1:250 gives tamin, but this word is probably obsoleted by tamin "I tap" in Etym.

FORLORN úna (deprived of, destitute) -VT39:14

FORM car- (make, q.v.) -WJ:391

FORMER, THE yara (that); FORMER DAYS yárë; FORMER TIMES yalúmë; FORMERLY yá (ago), BELONGING TO OR DESCENDING FROM FORMER TIMES yára (ancient) -YA

FORSAKE hehta- (pa.t. hehtanë is given but seems perfectly regular) (put aside, leave out, exclude, abandon); FORSAKEN ELVES see EGLATH. ONE LOST OR FORSAKEN BY FRIENDS hecil (gender-spesific forms are hecilo m. and hecilë f.) (waif, outcast, outlaw) -WJ:365

FORT arta (fortress) (Note: arta also means "across, athwart") -GARAT (see 3AR)

FORTH et- (prefix) (out) -ET

FORTRESS arta (fort) (Note: arta also means "across, athwart") -GARAT (see 3AR)

FORTUNE (good) alma (weal, wealth); mandë, manar (final end, doom, fate); heren (governance, what is in store for one or what one has in store); marto (fate, lot); FORTUNATE herenya (wealthy, blessed, rich) -GALA, MAN/MANAD, KHER, LT2:348

FOUL saura (Þ) (evil-smelling, putrid); in compounds sauri- as in FOULBELLIED sauricumba. The latter form may indicate that this adjective also appears in an alternative form *saurë, sauri-. -THUS, SD:68, 72

FOUNDATION talma (base, root) -TAL

FOUNTAIN ehtelë (issue of water, spring).The actual readng in LT1 and LT2 is ektelë, but Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya. The new form of the word is attested in Silm. LT also gives the form kektelë, that would likewise become *cehtelë.) -LT1:257, LT2:338

FOUR canta, (prefix:) can- -KANÁT

FOX rusco -PM:353

FREE (adj.) léra, mirima (of a person, as opposed to:) latin, latina (open, cleared [of land]), lerina ("free" of things in the sense of "not guarded, reserved, made fast, or 'owned'", VT41:5), Cf. also lehta "free, released". FREE ELEMENT (a term for "vowel") #lehta tengwë (only pl. lehta tengwi is attested; we would rather expect *lehtë tengwi). (A word fairë "free" is mentioned in LT1:250, but may be obsolete: several other meanings are attributed to this word in later writings [see DEATH, PHANTOM, RADIANCE]. However, fairië "freedom" does not clash with later words.) FREE FROM EVIL aman (see BLESSED) -VT41:5, MIS, LAT, VT39:17, WJ:399

FREEZE niquë- ("it is cold, it freezes"). LT1:254 gives hilcin "it freezes", but in LotR-style Quenya this will have to mean, if anything, "I freeze" (1st pers. aorist). -WJ:417, LT1:254

FREQUENT rimba -RIM

FRESH venya, wenya (yellow-green, green); FRESHNESS vén, wén (youth, greenness) -GWEN

FRESHLET celussë (water falling out swiftly from a rocky spring) -UT:426

FRIEND málo, meldo (pl meldor is attested), nildo (m.), nildë (f.), sermo, seron (m.), sermë (f.), -ser (final element in compounds), -(n)dil (final element in compounds, e.g. Elendil, Anardil, Valandil - sometimes translated "lover" rather than "friend". When the first part of the compound ends in l, n, or r, the n of -ndil is left out). FRIENDLY nilda (lovely), FRIENDSHIP nilmë -MEL, WJ:412, NIL, SER, Letters:386

FROM ho - but English "from" will often be rendered by employing the ablative case, endings -llo, pl -llon or -llor, dual -lto, e.g. Eärello *"from the Sea". -3O, LotR:1003

FROST nixë, ringwë (rime), FROST-PATTERNS niquis, niquessë (the latter by association with quessë "feather") -WJ:417, LT1:265

FROZEN halcin -LT1:254

FRUIT yávë (so in Etym and Silm:439; LT1:273 has yáva). BEAR FRUIT yavin (which must mean *"I bear fruit", stem #yav-. Tolkien often employs the 1st person aorist when mentioning a verb in his wordlists.) -YAB, LT1:273

FULL quanta; FULL TO THE BRIM, WITH MOUTH FULL penquanta ("peñ), FULLY aqua (completely, altogether, wholly); FULL WRITING (= writing with separate symbols for vowels) quanta sarmë, FULL STOP (in Tengwar punctuation - probably the symbol :) pusta (stop), FULL SIGN #quanta tengwë (only pl. quantë tengwi is attested). In early Elvish analysis of Quenya, this was the term for a consonant + a vowel (this was analyzed as a kind of unitary phoneme rather than two phonemes; hence a stem like mata- "eat" was analyzed as two quantë tengwi: ma + ta). -KWAT, VT39:11, WJ:392, VT39:8, PUS

FUNGUS hwan (hwand-, as in pl. hwandi) (sponge) -SWAD

GALADRIEL Altáriel (Altariell-; gen. Altariello is attested. Altáriel is the form used in Noldorin Quenya, Galadriel's own mother-tongue; the Telerin form is Alatáriel [UT:266]. According to PM:347 [that gives Altariel with no long á] the true Quenya equivalent of the Telerin form would have been Ñaltariel, but this form was apparently not used.) -Silm:433, RGEO:66

GAME tyalië (sport, play) -TYAL/LT1:260

GANDALF Olórin (his name in Valinor, derived from a stem meaning "dream" - not an actual translation of "Gandalf", meaning "Elf of the Wand", a name he was given by people who did not know that he was actually a Maia.) -LotR:391, UT:396 cf. 391

GAOL #mando (isolated from Angamando "Iron-Gaol"; mando is also defined as "safe keeping"). -MR:350

GAP fásë (gulf) -GL:36

GARLAND ría (wreathe); MAIDEN CROWNED WITH A FESTIVAL GARLAND riellë -PM:347

GASH cirissë (slash), hyatsë (cleft) -KIRIS, SYAD

GATE ando; GREAT GATE andon (pl andondi). (LT1:264 has osto "the gates of the Sun" and Ostor "East", but in Tolkien's later Quenya osto means "town" or "fortress".) -AD, LotR:1157, LT1:264

GATHER hosta- (collect, assemble); GATHERING (of three or more coming from different directions) yomenië (meeting) -MC:223, WJ:407

GENEROUS faila (fair-minded, just) -PM:352

GENTLE moica (soft), GENTLE BREEZE vílë -GL:58, LT1:273

GET net- (pa.t. nentë given) - QL:66

GET LOW (of the Sun) númeta-, númenda- -LT1:263

GERM erdë (seed. Note: a homophone means "person".) -ERÉD

GESTURE-CODE hwermë -WJ:395, VT39:5

GIANT norsa (Þ) (see also MONSTER) -NOROTH

GIFT anna; GIVE anta- (present); GIVER antë (f), anto (m) (the latter word from Etym is probably obsoleted by anto "mouth" in LotR:1157 - an alternative word for "[male] giver" might be *antaro). LAND OF GIFT (a name of Númenor) Andor (haplology of *Annandor), DEAR GIFT (the meaning of Melian's name) Melyanna -ANA, LotR:1157, Silm:313, 434

GIMILZÔR Telemnar -UT:223

GIMLET teret (auger) -LT1:255

GIRDLE #lesta (isolated from #Lestanórë; see DORIATH. #Lesta is the cognate of Sindarin lest as in Lest [or List] Melian "the Girdle of Melian" [WJ:228]. Note: #lesta also means "measure".) -WJ:369, Silm:390

GIRL wen (pl. wendi) (maid) -LT1:271

GIVE anta- -ANA

GIVE BIRTH nosta- (but in later sources, nosta- is glossed "beget") -LT1:272

GIVEN (OR ADDED) NAME anessë (pl anessi is attested. This word encompasses both "after-names" and "mother-names".) -MR:217

GLAMHOTH Sancossi (see GOBLIN) -LT2:341

GLASS hyellë; LITTLE GLASS lipil. Cf. also vírin, "a magic glassy substance of great lucency used in fashioning the Moon" -KHYEL, LT1:258, LT2:339

GLAURUNG see GLORUND

GLEAM (WHITE) ilca- (part. ilcala is attested) -MC:223

GLINT (vb) tinë (pres 3rd pers sg); GLINT (noun) tindë, wintil; GLINTING tinda (silver) -TIN, LT1:261

GLITTER mirilya-; GLITTERING rilya (brilliance); GLITTERING LIGHT rilma; GLITTERING REFLECTION nalta (radiance - alata in Silm:433 is the Telerin form. In PM:347, nalta is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) -MBIRIL, RIL, PM:347

GLOBE coron (#corn-, as in dat.sg. cornen) (ball); GLOBED corna (round) -KOR

GLOOM ungwë, lumbë (shadow), huinë (darkness, shadow), lómë (night, twilight, darkness, dusk), yaru; GLOOMY morna (black, dark, sombre); CHILD OF GLOOM lómëar (probably not a valid word in LotR-style Quenya) -UÑG, LUM, VT41:8, GL:37, LT1:255, Silm:431

GLORIOUS alcarinqua (radiant) (The shorter form alcarin is attested as a title of king Atanatar II. Cf. also Alcarinquë, a name of Jupiter.) -AKLA-R-, WJ:412, RGEO:73/LotR:1075, Silm:55

GLORUND, GLORUNN Laurundo, Undolaurë (Tolkien later changed Glorund to Glaurung. Read *Laurungo, *Ungolaurë in Quenya?) -LT2:341

GLORY alcar, alcarë (splendour, brilliance) -AKLA-R-/RGEO:73/UT:317/WJ:369/Silm:427

GNOME (only = wise one, Noldo) Noldo (spelt Ngoldo [Ñoldo] in Tengwar writing, reflecting the earlier pronounciation); pl. Noldor is attested. GNOMISH (general adjective:) Noldorinwa, (Gnomish language:) Noldorin, GNOME-LAND Noldomar -LT1:262, Silm:61, LotR:1157, VT39:16

GO lelya- or linna- (pa.t. lendë in both cases) (proceed, travel); vanya- (pa.t. vannë) (depart, disappear), GO ROUND pel- (revolve, return); GO ATHWART tara- (cross); GO AWAY auta- (leave, pass); pa.t. oantë, perf. oantië (in the physical sense "went away [to another place]", vánë ("the most frequently used past [tense]" - less "physical" than oantë, rather meaning to be lost or to disappear), also anwë (this pa.t. was "only found in archaic language"), perf. avánië (pl avánier is attested); perf. vánië with no augment may occur in verse. CAUSE TO GO (in a desired direction) menta- (send), GONE vanwa (departed, vanished, dead, lost, past and over, no longer to be had) BE GONE! heca! - also with pronominal affixes: sg hecat, pl hecal "you be gone!" (stand aside!) -WJ:363, LED, PEL, LT2:347, WAN, Nam, WJ:364, VT41:5, WJ:366

GOAT - she-goat: nyéni -LT1:262

GOBLET súlo, fion -SUG (see SUK), LT1:253

GOBLIN (Orc) urco (pl urqui) or orco (pl. orqui or orcor); THE GOBLINS Sancossi (sancë "hateful" + hossi "armies", said to be the Quenya equivalent of Sindarin Glamhoth)

GOD Eru ("The One, He that is Alone", a proper name that can hardly be used as a common noun meaning "god" in general. Eru obsoletes Enu in LT2:343), Ilúvatar "Father of All", Ainatar *"Holy-Father" (titles of God), PAGAN GOD ainu, PAGAN GODDESS aini (angelic spirit, holy one). (As Christopher Tolkien notes, the Ainur are of course not "pagan" to the people of Middle-earth. In Etym and Silm, Ainu/Aini is capitalized.) -Silm:15/396/431, LT1:248 cf. AYAN and Silm:426

GOLD (the metal) malta (so in LotR - Etym has malda [stem SMAL], but cf. smalta mentioned under LAWAR); GOLD laurë (= "not the metal but the colour, what we should call golden light", Letters:308, "of light and colour, not of the metal", Silm:433, "not a metallic word. It was applied to those things which we often call 'golden' though they do not much resemble metallic gold: golden light, especially sunlight", RGEO:70, "a word for golden light or colour, never used for the metal", PM:353, "light of the golden Tree Laurelin", LR:368; a "mystic name" of gold, LT1:255 [no doubt an obsolete notion]; in LT1:258 and LT2:341 the gloss is simply "gold".) RED GOLD †cullo (obsoleting culu in LT2:341? In LT1:255 culu is said to be a poetic word for "gold", but also used mythically as a name of all red and yellow metals), GOLDEN laurëa (pl laurië is attested; LT1:258 has laurina), GOLDEN-RED culda, culina (flame-coloured); (cf. Silm. Appendix: "cul- 'golden-red' in Culúrien") -LotR:1157/SMAL, Letters:308/RGEO:70/LAWAR, KUL, RGEO:70/Nam, Silm:429

GONDOLIN Ondolindë ("Stone Song", so in Silm:149, 415; LT1:254 gives Ondolinda, changed from Ondolin) -LT1:254

GONE vanwa (departed, lost, past) -WAN, Nam

GONG tombo -LT1:269

GOOD (of things) mára (fit, useful), GOOD (morally good) manë; GOODBYE mára mesta -MAG (see MA3), LT1:260, Arct

GOODS armar (sg #arma if there is a sg) -3AR

GOOSE ván, wán (pl. váni is given, but seems perfectly regular) -WA-N-

GORE nasta (spearhead, point, triangle), nehtë (spearhead, narrow promontory, wedge), mear (from a root possibly meaning "ooze") -SNAS, UT:282, LT1:260

GORGE cilya (pass between hills, cleft) (so in Etym, but cf. #cirya in the name Calacirya "Pass of Light" [gen. Calaciryo in Namárië] - though this clashes with cirya "ship". An early version of Namárië actually had Calacilyo, not Calaciryo; see An Introduction to Elvish p. 5) -KIL

GORTHAUR Sauron (Þ) -Silm:418 cf. THUS

GOTHMOG Cosomot (prob. *Cosomoc-, cf the alternative form Cosomoco) -LT1:258

GOVERN turin ("I...govern", 1st pers. aorist), pa.t. turnë (wield, control). LT1:273 has vard- "rule, govern", but this is hardly a valid word in LotR-style Quenya. -TUR

GOVERNANCE heren (fortune) -KHER

GOVERNOR cáno (see COMMANDER), (governor, chieftain, commander) -PM:345

GRADE #tyellë (only pl tyeller is attested - note irregular plural instead of the expected form **tyelli) -LotR:1153

GRAMMAR tengwesta (system or code of signs) -TEK cf. WJ:394

GRANDCHILD indyo (descendant) (Indyo looks like Vanyarin Quenya; the combination ndy became ny in Noldorin Quenya [see MIDDLE]. The Noldor likely used the form *inyo.)

GRANT lav- (yield, allow) -DAB

GRASP mapa- (seize) This word was struck out in one of Tolkien's earlier word-lists, but in Etym it was restored. -MAP, LT2:339

GRASS salquë, (stiff and dry:) sara (Þ) (bent) -SALAK, STAR

GREAT velicë (possibly obsolete in LotR-style Quenya: In LT1:254 velicë is said to correspond to Gnomish beleg, but according to LR:352 the stem from which beleg is derived is "not found in Q[uenya]"). GREAT (in size) alta (large) (The form alat- is used in compounds when the next word has an initial vowel, as in Alatairë. Tolkien's gloss of alta, alat- was actually illegible, and I give the root meaning of the stem ÁLAT. The meaning of the Quenya word cannot differ too widely from it, for Alatairë is said to correspond to "Noldorin" Belegoer [in LotR-style Sindarin Belegaer], The Great Sea.) -LT1:254, ÁLAT cf. BEL, cf. Silm:428

GREAT BEAR see SICKLE OF THE VALAR.

GREAT LONGING mavoinë -LT2:345

GREAT NUMBER - in a very great number: úvëa (abundance) -UB

GREAT QUANTITY úvë (abundance) -UB

GREAT WOOD taurë (forest) -TAWAR

GREED milmë; GREEDY milca -MIL-IK

GREEN laica (so in Letters:282; earlier sources have laiqua, whereas laica meant something wholly different ["keen, piercing"] in earlier material: LT2:337), wenya (yellow-green, fresh), ezel, ezella (adopted from Valarin; only used in Vanyarin Quenya)."Green" is expressed as a mere prefix lai- (representing the root underlying the adjective laica) in: GREEN-ELVES Laiquendi; cf. also VERDIGRIS = lairus. GREENNESS wén, laiquassë (freshness, youth). -LÁYAK/LT1:267, WJ:399, GWEN, WJ:385, LT1:267

GREY #mista (isolated from lassemista "leaf-grey"), also hiswa, but the most usual word for "grey" may be sindë (Þ) or sinda (Þ). (WJ has sindë "pale or silvery grey", wheras sinda is given in Silm:438; cf. also sindanoriello "from a grey land", Sindacollo "Grey-cloak" and Sindar "Grey-Elves, *Grey Ones".)GREY-ELVES Sindar (Þ) (sg. Sinda), less commonly Sindeldi (sg Sindel); GREY-CLOAK Sindacollo, Singollo (Þ) (so in Silm:421; MR:217 has Sindicollo, presupposing sindë, sindi- as the word for "grey"); GREY-ELVEN sindarinwa (adj), Sindarin (= Grey-Elven language) (Þ) -LotR:505 cf. Letters:224, KHIS, LotR:1171, Silm:438, THIN/WJ:384, Nam, Silm:419, WJ:384, LotR:1157, 1161

GRIEF nyérë (sorrow). Pl. probably *nyérer not *nyéri; cf. the similar formation tyávë "taste" pl. tyáver. The noun nyérë points to a verbal stem *nyer- "grieve". -GL:60/LT1:261

GROT (small) rotto (tunnel) -PM:365

GROUND talan (#talam-, as in pl. talami) (floor) -TALAM

GROW FAT tiuya- -TIW

GROWL (vb) yarra- (snarl), (of dogs:) núru- (grumble); GROWL (noun) nur (complaint)

GRUMBLE (vb) nurru- (murmur), núru- (growl [of dogs]). (These may simply be two forms of the same word. Nurru- is by far the later [TLT] form.) GRUMBLING (adj) nurrua -MC:223, LT1:263

GUARD - use the word glossed "watch, heed", q.v. Cf. LT1:258. For "guard" as a noun, #tirno "watcher" may be isolated from halatirno (see FISHWATCHER)

GUESS (vb) intya-; GUESS (noun) intya (supposition, idea)

GULF yáwë (cleft, ravine), fásë (gap) -YAG, GL:36

GULL maiwë -MIW

GYRATE hwinya- (eddy, swirl) -SWIN

HABIT haimë -KHIM

HABITATION imbar (Imbar was an Elvish name of the Earth as the prinicipal part of Arda; the form Ambar may be more usual and is found in LotR.) -MR:337, WJ:419, 402, LotR:1003

HAIL aiya (so in LotR; LT1:248 has áyë) -LotR:747, 950 cf. Letters:385

HAIR loxë; TANGLED HAIR fassë; LOCK OF HAIR findë (defined as "a tress or plait of hair" in PM:345; LT2:341 has findl, an impossible form in LotR-style Quenya), HEAD OF HAIR, A PERSON'S HAIR AS A WHOLE findessë -LOKH, PHAS, SPIN, PM:345

HALF-ELVEN (noun, pl) Pereldar (Sindarin Peredhil, LotR:1071) -Letters:386

HALL #mardë (isolated from oromardi "lofty halls, high-halls"); ROCKHEWN HALL hróta- (artificial cave, rockhewn hall), VAULTED HALL rondo -Nam/RGEO:66, PM:365, VT39:9

HALLOW #airita- (only pa.t. airitánë is attested) -VT32:7

HALVE perya- (devide in middle) (After perya, a word perina is mentioned - it is undefined but seems to be a corresponding adjective or past participle *"halved, divided in middle".) -PER

HAMMER (vb) namba-; HAMMER (noun) namba -NDAM

HAMS hacca (buttocks) -GL:47

HAND má (pl. allative mannar "into...hands" is attested; the long á evidently becomes short a before a consonant cluster), quárë (the latter is properly "fist", but was often used for "hand" - see FIST); HOLLOW OF HAND cambë; HAVING HANDS mavoitë; HANDY, HANDED maitë (skilled) (pl. maisi. When maitë is the final element of names, it is translated "handed" instead of "handy", e.g. Angamaitë "Iron-handed", morimaitë "blackhanded") -MA3/LT2:339/VT39:10, FS, KWAR/Silm:429, KAB, LotR:1085 cf. Letters:425, LotR:1015/SD:68, 72, UT:460

HANDLE mahta- (fight, manage, wield, wield a weapon) -TUR, MAK, VT39:10, MA3

HANG linga- (dangle) -LING

HAPPEN - LT2:348 gives mart- "it happens" (impersonal). Perhaps read *marta- in LotR-style Quenya, though that would clash with the adjective marta "fey, fated".

HAPPY valin (LT1:272 also gives valimo, but adjectives ending in -o do not occur in LotR-style Quenya), HAPPINESS vald- (so in LT1:272; nom. sg. must be either *val or *valdë) (blessedness) It is highly questionable whether these words from LT1:272 are conceptually "valid" in LotR-style Quenya: Originally, they were meant to be related to the noun Valar, the Gods being termed the "Happy Ones", but Tolkien later re-interpreted Valar as meaning the "Powers". For "happiness" it may be better to use the noun alassë "joy", and for "happy" or "joyful, joyous" many writers have used the neologism *alassëa.

HARBOUR hópa (haven, bay - obsoleting cópa, cópas in LT1:257); HARBOURAGE hopassë -KHOP

HARD sarda, nauca (the latter also meaning ill-shapen, twisted, *small - see SMALL.) -VT39:17, WJ:413

HARE lapattë -GL:52

HARP (vb) nanda-; HARP (noun) nandë; LITTLE HARP nandellë; HARPING (noun, not adjectival participle) nandelë; HARPER nandaro, HARP-PLAYER tyalangan. (In Etym, all but the last of these words are spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if these words are written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) HARP-PLAYING salmë. -NGAN, TYAL; cf. LotR:1157, LT1:265

HARSH naraca (rending, violent) -NÁRAK

HARVEST yávië (autumn) - evidently obsoleting yávan in LT1:273. In the Calendar of Imladris, yávië was a precisely defined period of 52 days, but the word was also used without any exact definition. Note: yávië probably refers to harvest time only, not "harvest" in the sense "harvested products", though it is derived from a stem meaning "fruit". -LotR:1142, 1145

HASP tangwa (clasp) -TAK

HASTE ormë (wrath, violence, rushing); HASTY orna, tyelca (agile) -GOR, KHOR, PM:353

HAT táta -GL:71

HATE (vb) #tev- (aorist tevë); LT1:258 has mokir "I hate", read *mocin in LotR-style Quenya? HATEFUL sancë; HATRED tevië -LT1:268, LT2:341

HAVE - see POSSESS. Cf also NO LONGER TO BE HAD vanwa (gone, dead, departed, lost, past, vanished) -WJ:366

HAVEN hópa (harbour, bay) londë (as in Alqualondë "Haven of the Swans", UT:417 - but elsewhere londë is glossed "entrance to harbour, road in sea") -KHOP

?HAWK fion (pl fioni, fiondi) (Tolkien's gloss was "not certainly legible; the likeliest interpretation would be 'haste', but 'hawk' is a possibility." The translation "haste" is out of the question, as this word would have no plural form. Besides, a quite different word for "haste" [ormë] is known.) -PHI

HE – in some early sources there appear a pronominal ending -ro, as in antaváro he will give (so in LR:63, perhaps *antuváro in LotR-style Quenya). There is also the ending -s, that covers the entire 3rd person sg: "he, she, it". It is uncertain what the independent word for "he, even he" might be; some would guess that it could be *eryë. By the same theory, Tolkien may have abandoned -ro in favour of the ending *-ryë, connecting with the ending -rya "his, her"; if so, *-ryë (and *eryë) would also cover both "he" and "she" (whereas -ro as a distinct ending for "he" might have corresponded to *-rë "she"; compare the references to ancient inflections in -so and -se found in the Etymologies, entry S-). As an independent word for "he" LR:63 apparently has e, a word that appears in Sindarin as well (SD:129). Does it also cover "she, it"? Cf. HIM, HIS.

HEAD cár (cas-), nóla (round head, knoll); HEAD OF HAIR findessë (see HAIR). -KAS, NDOL, PM:345

HEAL #envinyata- (isolated from the past participle envinyanta "healed". The literal meanings are *"renew" and "renewed", cf. Aragorn's title Envinyatar "Renewer" [q.v.]) -MR:405

HEAR #hlar- (only fut hlaruva is attested) -MC:222

HEART hón (physical heart), órë (inner mind - concerning this word, see SPIRIT) (Note: a homophone means "rising"), indo (mind, mood), enda (lit. "centre", not referring to the physical organ, but the fëa [soul] or sáma [mind] itself), elwen; -HEARTED #honda (isolated from sincahonda "flinthearted"). EYES OF HEARTSEASE (a name of the pansy) Helinyetillë HEART OF FLAME Naira (a name of the Sun), -KHÔ-N-, LotR:1157, ID, VT39:32, LT1:255, LotR:1015 cf. SD:68, 72, LT1:262, MR:198

HEAT úrë (The stem from which this word must be derived was struck out in Etym, but the word occurs in LotR itself, indicating that Tolkien restored the stem in question.) SMOULDERING HEAT, RED [?HEAT] (Tolkies handwriting was illegible) yulmë (Note:

HEAVE #amorta- (only part. amortala is attested), HEAVE (of large and heavy things:) rúma- (shift, move) (part. rúmala is attested) -MC:222 cf. 215, MC:223, 222

HEAVENS, THE menel (a sg word, "heaven", as opposed to its English translation), ilwë (sky). -Silm:434/MC:222 cf. 215, LT1:255

HEAVY lunga -LUG

HEDGE (jagged hedge of spikes) caraxë -KARAK

HEED tirin ("I watch", *"I heed", 1st pers. aorist), pa.t. tirnë; fut. tiruva "shall heed" is attested; also cim-. -MC:222 cf. 214, TIR, GL:39

HEIGHT #tárië (only allative tárienna "to the height" is attested) -LotR:989 cf. Letters:308

HEIR aryon (also haryon is glossed as "heir", but this gloss is paranthetic and "prince" is given as the primary meaning. Hildinyar is translated "my heirs" in Aragorn's oath; it appears that this is actually a form of hildo "follower".) -GAR (see 3AR), LotR:1003, 1004

HELL Angamando ("Iron-prison", Morgoth's dungeon-fortress in the First Age. This is the form given in MR; Etym has Angamanda, LT1:249/252 has Angamandu/Angamandi or Eremandu "Hells of Iron". In LT1:259, Mandos is glossed "hell", but Mandos was simply the halls of the dead and not a place of torture. GL:51 also has fatanyu.) -MR:350, MBAD

HELMET cassa -KAS

HEM ríma (edge, border), HEM OF ROBE lappa -RÎ, GL:52

HER 1. (object form of she) - the ending -s (also covering "it, *him". Utúvienyes [LotR:1008] is translated "I have found it", but it could probably mean "I have found her/him" as well.) Case endings may be attached to se, e.g. dative *sen "for her". Probably there is no distinction of gender here either; see HIM. 2. HER (genitive, = of her) -rya (possessive suffix, e.g. aratarya "her sublimity" [WJ:369], máryat "her hands" [Nam].) This ending apparently covers the entire 3rd pers sg and may also translate as "his" or - it may be assumed - *"its".) -WJ:369

HERO callo (noble man). LT1:268 also has mordo "warrior, hero", but in Tolkien's later Quenya mordo means "obscurity, shadow, stain". -KAL

HEW *pelehta- (emended from the actual reading pelekta-, since Tolkien later decided that kt became ht in Quenya) -LT2:346

HIDE #nurta- (verbal stem isolated from the verbal noun nurtalë "hiding" in Silm:120), #lom- (LT1:255 gives lomir "I hide"; this would become *lomin in LotR-style Quenya); moru- -LT1:261

HIDING nurtalë -Silm:120

HIDDEN muina (secret), halda (veiled, shadowed, shady), foina, furin/hurin (concealed); DARK OR HIDDEN tumna (low-lying, low, profound, deep) -MUY, SKAL, LT2:340, LT1:271

HIDEOUS CREATURE ulundo (deformed creature, monster) -ÚLUG

HIGH tára (lofty, tall), oro- (in compounds: oromardi "high-halls"). The element #Ar- in Arfanyarassë (a name of Taniquetil) is said to mean "high (i.e., noble, revered)" -WJ:417, Nam/RGEO:66, WJ:416

HIGH ELVES Tarquendi; HIGH-ELVES Tareldar -TA, MC:349

HIGH ONES Aratar (sg #Arata, cf. PM:363). The Aratar are the mightiest of the Valar: Manwë, Varda, Ulmo, Yavanna, Aulë, Mandos, Nienna, and Oromë. Aratar is also rendered "The Supreme, Exalted Ones". -Silm 32/381, WJ:402

HIGH SPEECH (= Quenya) Tarquesta -TÂ

HILL #ambo (only allative pl. ambonnar is attested); tundo (mound), oro; ISOLATED ROUND HILL tolmen (boss of shield) -HILL-SIDE amban (upward slope) (probably obsoleting amun(d) in LT2:335) -MC:222, LT1:269, TUN, LT1:256, AM

HIM - probably the ending -s (also covering "it, *her". Utúvienyes [LotR:1008] is translated "I have found it", but it could probably mean "I have found him/her" as well.) Some theorize that so may function as a short independent pronoun "he, him" and that case endings may be attached to this word, e.g. dative *son "for him". However, material recently published may suggest that in later variants of Quenya, se covers both "he/she" and "him/her" (as object), and that this is the form to which case endings are attached (e.g. dative *sen "for him/her").

HINDMOST tella (last); THE HINDMOST Teleri (the Last-comers) -TELES, Silm:421

HIS -rya (possessive suffix, e.g. coarya his house. This ending covers the entire 3rd pers sg and also means "her" and *"its".) -WJ:369

HIVE nierwes -LT1:262

HOARD foa (treasure) -LT2:340

HOLE latta (pit - Note: a homophone means "strap"), assa (perforation, opening, mouth) -DAT, GAS

HOLLOW (noun) unquë, HOLLOW (adj) unqua, ronta, rotwa; HOLLOW OUT unca-

HOLLOWBOLD Návarot (Nogrod, Novrod) -WJ:389

HOLLY ercassë (probably obsoleting piosenna in LT2:347) -ERÉK

HOLY aina, airë; HOLY ONE ainu (m.), aini (f.) (angelic spirit, god); HOLY PLACE yána (fane, sanctuary) -AYAN/WJ:399, Nam, YAN

HOLYDAY meryalë -MBER

HOME már (also used of the "home" or native land of peoples). Short form mar as the final element of compounds: Eldamar "Elvenhome"; the vowel is also short in Mar-nu-falmar, "the Land [lit. Home] under the Waves". -Silm:408, 428

HOMESTEAD osta -LT2:336

HONEY lis (liss-) (LT1:262 gives nektë [read *nehtë in LotR-style Quenya].) HONEY-BEE nier, nion -LIS, LT1:262/GL:60

HOOD telmë (covering) -TEL

HOOK ampa, atsa (claw, catch); HOOKED rempa (crooked) -LotR:1157, GAT, REP

HOPE (noun) estel -WJ:318 (where it is stated that this word was used in Quenya as well as in Sindarin. Here the word is defined as "'hope', sc. a temper of mind, steady, fixed in purpose, and difficult to dissuade and unlikely to fall into despair or abandon its purpose". In MR:320, estel is translated "trust".)

HORDE horma (host) -LT2:341

HORN rassë ("especially on living animal, but also applied to mountains". Cf. Rasmund "horned bull" in Letters:423 [this may not be pure Quenya] and Arfanyaras, Arfanyarassë "high white-shining peak [*horn]", alternative name of Taniquetil), romba (so in Etym and one place in WJ [p. 400: romba = "horn, trumpet"] but on p. 368 róma is used for "horn", though this is glossed "trumpet-sound" in Etym), HORN OF ULMO hyalma (shell, conch), tildë (point), (horn of animal:) tarca (probably obsoleting taru in LT2); HORNED tarucca (perhaps obsoleted together with taru), THE HORNED Tilion (a name of the Moon) -RAS, WJ:403/416, ROM/WJ:401 contrast 368, SYAL, TIL, TARÁK, LT2:337,347, Silm:438

HORROR - rucin is glossed "I feel fear or horror" (1st pers. aorist), constructed with "from" of the object feared (e.g. *rucin Orcollon "I fear Orcs") -WJ:415

HORSE rocco (defined as "swift horse for riding" in Letters:382), mairo; HORSEMAN roquen (rider, knight) -ROK/Letters:282, 382, GL:56, WJ:372/UT:282

HOST rimbë (crowd), horma (horde) -RIM/Letters:178, 382, LT2:341

HOSTILE cotya -KOT

HOT saiwa; BLAZING HOT úrin (Úrin is also a name of the Sun) -LT1:248/265, LT1:271

HOUND huan (hún-); HOUND OF CHASE ronyo -KHUG (see KHUGAN), ROY

HOUR lúmë (so translated in LotR; in Etym the gloss is simply "time". Allative lúmenna is attested. Note: lúmë also means "darkness".) -LU, LotR:94, WJ:367

HOUSE coa (prob. the most neutral word), opelë (walled house), car (card-) (building), nossë (clan, family, kin, people) (LT2:336 gives indo "house" and os(t) "house and cottage"; these words are probably obsolete - in Tolkien's later Quenya indo means "heart", while osto means "city". Also indor "master of house" must be obsolete.) LIGHT OF THE HOUSE coacalina (a metaphor for the soul [fëa] dwelling inside the body [hroa]) -WJ:369/MR:250, PEL(ES), KAR, NÔ/LT1:250, 343, MR:250

HOW manen -PM:395

HUMAN firya (lit. *"mortal"; nominal pl. Firyar is attested) -PHIR, WJ:219

HUMBLED nucumna -SD:246

HUMP tumpo; HUMPBACK cauco, HUMPED cauca (bent, crooked) -TUMPU, LT1:257

HUNGRY maita -VT39:11

HUNT (noun), HUNTING raimë (which is evidently a misreading for *roimë in Tolkien's manuscript. No verb "to hunt" is given in Etym, but roita- "pursue" is derived from the same stem and can probably be translated *"hunt" as well. LT1:260 has rauta- "hunt".) -ROY¹

HUSBAND verno; HUSBAND AND WIFE veru (married pair) -BES

HUSH quildë (rest, quiet) -GL:23